ABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción El paciente crítico hospitalizado en cuidado intensivo (UCI) tiene más riesgo de deterioro en la función física. Una forma de contrarrestarlo está relacionada con la intervención temprana de fisioterapia, pero son escasos los reportes en pacientes con enfermedad severa por COVID-19. Objetivo Describir el compromiso y cambio en la funcionalidad y en la fuerza muscular en pacientes con COVID-19 que recibieron intervención temprana de fisioterapia en UCI hasta el alta hospitalaria, y comparar la evolución de acuerdo con si recibieron ventilación mecánica invasiva o no. Metodología Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes con COVID-19 que ingresaron a UCI entre marzo y septiembre del 2020 y recibieron intervención de fisioterapia. La funcionalidad se evaluó con el índice Barthel (IB) y la fuerza muscular con el Medical Research Council Sum Score (MRC-SS), los cuales fueron medidos por el fisioterapeuta de turno en dos momentos, al egreso de UCI y de hospitalización. Se consideró el valor p < 0,05 como significativo. Resultados Se revisaron 66 registros;la edad promedio fue de 53,3 (32 ± 11,5) años;32 (48,5%) requirieron ventilación mecánica. Se observó compromiso en la funcionalidad y en la fuerza muscular, con mejoría progresiva antes del egreso hospitalario: IB [64,1 (± 34,7) vs. 87,7 (± 18,4) p = 0,000], MRC-SS [40,5 (± 11) vs. 48 (± 9) p = 0,000]. El grupo de pacientes ventilados presentó mayor compromiso IB [34,2 (± 24,7) vs. 76,7 (± 21,2) p = 0,000] y MRC-SS [31,5 (± 7,2) vs. 42,3 (± 8,3) p = 0,000]. Los días de ventilación mecánica, de relajación, y mayor APACHE II mostraron una correlación negativa significativa con las variables de resultado (p = 0,000). Conclusiones Los pacientes con enfermedad severa por COVID-19 que recibieron intervención de fisioterapia mostraron cambios significativos en la funcionalidad y en la fuerza muscular. Los pacientes que requirieron ventilación mecánica presentaron mayor compromiso funcional. Introduction The critically ill patient hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU), has a higher risk of deterioration in physical function. One way to counteract its related to early physiotherapy intervention, but there are few reports in patients with severe disease from COVID-19. Objective To describe the compromise and change in functionality and muscle strength in patients with COVID-19 who received early physiotherapy intervention in ICU until hospital discharge and compare the evolution according to whether or not they received invasive mechanical ventilation. Methodology Retrospective study of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU between March and September 2020 and received physiotherapy intervention. Functionality was assessed with the Barthel Index (BI) and muscle strength with the Medical Research Council Sum Score (MRC-SS), which were measured by the physiotherapist at two moments, upon discharge from ICU and from hospitalization. For the correlations, a value P<.05 was considered significant. Results Sixty-six records were reviewed;the mean age was 53.3 (32±11.5) years;32 (48.5%) required mechanical ventilation. Compromise in functionality and muscle strength was observed, with progressive improvement before hospital discharge: IB [64.1 (± 34.7) vs. 87.7 (± 18.4), P = .000], MRC-SS [40.5 (± 11) vs. 48 (± 9), P = .000]. The group of ventilated patients presented greater compromise: IB [34.2 (± 24.7) vs. 76.7 (± 21.2), P = .000] and MRC-SS [31.5 (± 7.2) vs. 42.3 (± 8.3), P = .000]. The days of mechanical ventilation, relaxation, and higher APACHE II showed a significant negative correlation with the outcome variables (P = .000). Conclusions Patients with severe disease from COVID-19 who received physiotherapy intervention, showed significant changes in functionality and muscle strength. The patients who required mechanical ventilation presented greater functional compromise.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the nutritional and functional status, swallowing disorders, and musculoskeletal manifestations of patients with Post-Covid-19 Syndrome, stratified by the Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass Index. Methods This is a cross-sectional study with patients diagnosed with Post-Covid-19 Syndrome after discharge from the intensive care unit of a university hospital. The evaluated outcomes were: nutritional status (Mini Nutritional Assessment, bioimpedance and anthropometry), swallowing disorders (Dysphagia Risk Evaluation Protocol), functional status (Post-Covid-19 Functional Status Scale), and musculoskeletal manifestations. According to the Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass Index, patients were stratified in terms of loss or not loss of muscle mass. Results Thirty-eight patients were included in the study, 20 stratified into the no loss of muscle mass group (17 females; 49.45±12.67 years) and 18 into the loss of muscle mass group (18 males; 61.89±12.49 years). Both groups were at risk of malnutrition (Mini Nutritional Assessment scores between 17-23.5 points; No Loss of Muscle Mass Group: 21.82±3.93; Loss of Muscle Mass Group: 23.33±3.41) and obesity (No Loss of Muscle Mass Group: 33.76±6.34; Loss of Muscle Mass Group: 30.23±3.66). The groups differed in terms of bioimpedance parameters (except fat mass) and age. However, there were no differences in swallowing alterations, functional status, and musculoskeletal manifestations. Conclusion Patients with Post-Covid-19 Syndrome, stratified according to the Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass Index, were at risk of malnutrition and obesity. The persistence of fatigue, weakness, myalgia and arthralgia at 6 months after hospital discharge is noteworthy. These findings emphasize the importance of comprehensive care for patients with Post-Covid-19 Syndrome.
RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o estado nutricional, status funcional, alterações de deglutição e manifestações musculoesqueléticas de pacientes com Síndrome Pós-Covid-19, estratificados pelo Índice de Massa Muscular Esquelética Apendicular. Métodos Estudo transversal composto por pacientes diagnosticados com a Síndrome Pós-Covid-19 que estiveram internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital universitário. Os desfechos avaliados foram: estado nutricional (Mini Avaliação Nutricional; bioimpedância e antropometria), alterações de deglutição (Protocolo Fonoaudiológico de Avaliação do Risco de Disfagia), status funcional (Post-Covid-19 Functional Status Scale) e manifestações musculoesqueléticas. Os pacientes foram classificados, quanto à perda de massa muscular conforme o Índice de Massa Muscular Esquelética Apendicular, em grupo sem e com perda de massa muscular. Resultados Foram inseridos no estudo 38 pacientes, 20 no grupo sem perda de massa muscular (17 deles do sexo feminino; 49,45±12,67 anos) e 18 no grupo com perda de massa muscular (todos do sexo masculino; 61,89±12,49 anos). Os pacientes de ambos os grupos apresentaram risco de desnutrição (escores Mini Avaliação Nutricional entre 17-23.5 pontos; Grupo Sem Perda de Massa Muscular: 21,82±3,93; Grupo Com Perda de Massa Muscular: 23,33±3,41) e obesidade (Grupo Sem Perda de Massa Muscular: 33,76±6,34; Grupo Com Perda de Massa Muscular: 30,23±3,66). Os grupos diferiram quanto aos parâmetros da bioimpedância (exceto massa gorda) e idade. Entretanto, não foram observadas diferenças na deglutição, status funcional e manifestações musculoesqueléticas. Conclusão Os pacientes com Síndrome Pós-Covid-19, estratificados conforme o Índice de Massa Muscular Esquelética Apendicular, apresentaram risco de desnutrição e obesidade. Destaca-se a persistência de fadiga, fraqueza, mialgia e artralgia após seis meses da alta hospitalar. Esses achados ressaltam a importância do cuidado integral ao paciente com a Síndrome Pós-Covid-19.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Malnutrition/physiopathology , COVID-19/complications , Obesity/physiopathology , Deglutition Disorders/physiopathology , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Functional Status , Hospitals, University , Intensive Care UnitsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Hospitalized COVID-19 patients are prone to develop persistent symptoms and to show reduced quality of life following hospital admission. METHODS: Prospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients admitted to a hospital from March 1 to April 30, 2020. The primary outcome was to compare health related quality of life and persistent symptoms six months after hospital admission, of COVID-19 patients who required ICU admission with those who did not. RESULTS: Among the 242 patients hospitalized during the defined period of time, 44 (18.2%) needed ICU admission. Forty (16.5%) patients died during hospital admission. Two hundred and two (83.5%) patients were discharged alive from the hospital. At six months, 183 (75.6%) patients completed the questionnaires (32 ICU patients and 151 non ICU patients). Ninety-six (52.4%) reported decreased quality of life and 143 (78.1%) described persistent symptoms. More ICU patients showed worsening of their quality of life (71.9% vs 43.7%, P=0.004). There were no differences in the proportion of patients with persistent symptoms between ICU and non ICU patients (87.5% vs 76.2%, P=0.159). ICU patients showed more frequently dyspnea on exertion (78.1% vs 47.7%, P=0.02), dyspnea on light exertion (37.5% vs 4.6%, P<0.001), and asthenia (56.3 vs 29.1, P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Survivors of COVID-19 needing hospitalization had persistent symptoms and a decline in the quality of life. ICU patients referred a large decrease of their quality of life compared with non ICU patients.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , COVID-19/complications , Dyspnea , Hospitalization , Humans , Intensive Care Units , Prospective Studies , Quality of Life , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: To evaluate functional state, it is fundamental to have simple instruments that allow for monitoring the course of symptoms and the commitment of the functional status that adult COVID-19 survivors may present. This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Post COVID-19 Functional Status (PCFS) scale. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional scale validation study was performed. In the content validation 22-health professionals, whom through expert judgment evaluated the scale in the sufficiency, clarity, coherence and relevance categories. In addition, two professionals performed the retest with 20 people who had been infected with COVID-19. In addition, their observations and comments are revealed. The degree of agreement amongst the experts was determined with the Kendall coefficient. For the retest test, the Spearman coefficient was utilized. In all the analyzes, a P value of <.05 was considered. RESULTS: In regards to the content validity, there was agreement between raters only for the relevance category (P=.032). A strong agreement was obtained between two evaluators (Spearman's Rho=.929 for the score). Some of the content terms were adjusted without affecting the general structure of the scale. Of the original 16 items that make up the PCFS scale, none was eliminated. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish version of the PCFS (Chile) was adapted to the cultural context of the country, shows good psychometric characteristics in terms of reliability.